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Annual frequency of dust storms (visibility less than 1000m)
in the Middle East (redrawn from Goudie, 1983)
The alluvial plains of Iraq and Kuwait have the largest frequency of dust storms in the Middle East, with the maximum dust-storm frequency in the vicinity of Abadan reaching as high as 38 dust storms per year. Dust storms are summertime phenomena associated with vigorous northwest winds(the Shamal) generated by the monsoon through located over India.(Shao, 2000 )